New atlantism and protectionism in America: From the Gulg of Mexico to the Panama canal

From a multipolar perspective, the new North American international policy claims the spaces adjacent to the United States as a unipolar supremacy of the maritime corridors of the Americas, first in the Gulf of Mexico and secondly, the Panama Canal. The antecedents of this colonialist vision, which emerged in the 19th century, are the justification of European intervention in the continent (colonialist conquest) and the Monrovia policy of an America solely for North Americans. In practice, this strategy developed as an integral part of the great capitalist accumulation that, based on Harvey's thesis (2004), he calls accumulation by dispossession. The political, economic, technical, and military globalization and development theories of the 21st century recall expansionist ideas based on international integration and cooperation, which conceal the control of spaces and commercial and maritime routes from Mexico to Panama. This trend has been complemented by the signing of the USMCA to protect the interests of North American and Canadian companies in labor, land, and common goods not only in Mexico but also in the broader area known as Mesoamerica. The conflict over the Panama Canal has its roots in the geostrategic location of the southern part of the Central American isthmus.