Dynamic and radiative breakup of the stratospheric polar vortex in spring

The breakup of the stratospheric polar vortex in spring and the transition between winter and summer stratosphere affect the processes and phenomena in the adjacent layers of the atmosphere. Resent research confirms that this transition is carried out different ways. Depending on the speed of the wind reversal at different altitudes, it can be divided into: radiative transition, that is, natural, which occurs under the influence of solar radiation, and dynamic, which occurs during a powerful sudden stratospheric warming in late winter - early spring. Studying the influence of different types of transitions not only on the stratosphere itself, but also on the troposphere, will help to better understand the processes taking place and the interaction between the layers of the atmosphere. Analysis of the distribution of meteorological characteristics (the zonal mean wind and temperature) by time and vertically, as well as the surface daily temperature in different cities above 60°N. show that during the dynamic transition from February to May, positive anomalies of the zonal mean wind are replaced by negative anomalies descending from the mesosphere. During the radiative transition, the situation is mirrored: negative anomalies are replaced by positive ones. During the early radiative transition (a rare type of transition, the wind reversal takes place before mid-April), the picture is similar to the radiative transition, but looks more blurred. From June to September, wind anomalies in all three transitions have a mixed picture and weak anomalies. During the dynamic transition from February to May, negative anomalies of the zonal mean temperature are replaced by positive anomalies descending from the mesosphere. During the radiative transition, the positive anomaly descends to the troposphere faster. During the early radiative transition, the picture is similar to the dynamic transition, but looks more blurred as well. The troposphere is colder in March during the radiative transition, in April no dependence on the transition type was found, in May and June it is colder during the dynamic type transition. The transition of the daily temperature to positive values ​​occurs earlier during the radiative transition. During the dynamic and early radiative transitions it occurs at the same time.